..other or are they allies fighting/defending some other country?
Okay, but anyone tell me what the relationship of Palestine and Israel are?

Simple.
The Palestinians allow Hamas to constantly attack Israel with things like rockets and suicide bombers as usual.

Israel then finds the location of the cowardly Hamas scumbags, and launches surgical strikes against them.

Now, the Hamas terrorists (actually, all cowardly terrorists) tend to hide among women and children knowing that some will be killed, and the scum terrorists use those deaths as just a media tool against Israel in an effort to create worlwide outrage.

Thats it in a nutshell.